Sand-blast apparatus



C. E. BILLINGS SAND BLAST APPARATUS April 23, 1929.

S Sheets-Sheet Filed March 26, 1923 INVENTOR (ZZqreneeE Billings hisATTORNEYS April 23, 1929 c. E. BILLINGS 1,710,604

SAND BLAST APPARATUS Filed March 26, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORClarence E. B

1H6 ATTORNEYS E. BILLINGS April 23, 1929. c,

SAND BLAST APPARATU Filed March 26, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet HS ATTORNEYSPatented Apr. 23, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLARENCE E. IBILLINGS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGN'OR TO THE NEWHAVEN SAND BLAST COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OFCONNECTICUT.

SAND-BLAST APPARATUS.

Application filed March 26, 1923. Serial No. 627,693.

My invention relates to sand blast apparatus and particularly to a sandblast tumbling barrel, the object of my invention being to provide animproved device of the general character shown in the Dreisbach PatentNo. 9l8,270, but adapted to hold castings of larger size and to operateupon the same from nozzles arranged at the ends of the barrel instead ofinside the tumbling chamber. A further object of my invention is toclean the sand by means of a counter-blast device arranged to cooperatewith the automatic sand recovery scoops in the ends of the barrel.

A sand blast machine of the same general type to which the presentinvention relates described and claimed in the copending jointtI'PPllCEliZlOX'l of George G. Fatscher and the present applicant filedconcurrently herewith and serially nun'ibered. 627,680. Some of thefeatures claimed in this copending application are disclosed in one formin the present case.

In the accompanying drawings- Fig. 1 is a broken front elevation of atumbling barrel in which my invention is illustratively embodied in oneform;

Fig. 2 a broken end elevation of the same;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic vertical section of a drum end in which mydust-separating mechanismis arranged; I

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 44, Fig. 3; and

Fig.1. 5 is a partial section on the line 5-5, Fig.

The barrel in the form here shown is supported on rollers mounted in theframe 11 and driven in unison by any suitable mechanism, such as a trainof gears 12 operated from the belt wheel 13. The barrel comprises anouter shell 14 and within the same and spaced there from a perforatedcylindrical screen 15 into which the castings are introduced through adoor 16. The opposite ends 17 of the drum are solid and rotatetherewith. being provided however with axial openings 18 through whichthe blast nozzles 19 project the blast sand, grit or the like. Heads 20of greater diameter than the body of the barrel rotate therewithand areprovided on their inner faces with scoops 21 for the automatic recoveryof the sand in a manner similar to that described in the Dreisbachpatent above referred to. These scoops lift the sand during the rotationof the barrel and deliver to a hopper carried by the stationary head 23at each end of thebarrel. A valve 24, can trolled exteriorly by thevalve handle 25 permits the escape of the sand from the hopper 22 intothe mixing chamber 26 of the blast nozzle 19. The air or steam underpressure is conducted to the mixing chamber through a flexible pipe 27.

In order to deflect the sand from the body of the tumbling barrel to therecovery heads, at each end thereof, I arrange a series of guide platesor ribs 28 between the perforated screen 15 and the shell 14 sothat thesand falling through the former is deflected by the ribs 28, as thebarrel rotates, to the heads 20 at the opposite ends of the barrel.These ribs 28 may be secured in position by any suitable means, such asbolts 29 passing through flanges 30 on the ribs and through both theshell 14 and the screen 15. An aperture 31 in the plate 17 adjacent theend of each rib 28, permits the discharge of the sand as it slides downthe latter into the head 20. I have shown a head at each end of thebarrel in the present construction, but obviously it would be possibleto carry the ribs across the length of the barrel and deflcctthe sand toone end alone. V

In the construction. shown in Figsl and 2, I have shown no means forseparating the dust from the sand save the ordinary draw-oil dust wipe32 which opens into the plate 23 at each end of the apparatus. The sandmay be automatically cleaned of dust however by the counter-blastarrangement shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. In this modification I havearranged a supplemental hopper funnel 33 through which the sand liftedby the scoops 34 is discharged again within the area of the head 20. Thesand travelling down this hopper funnel is counterblastediby the exhaustpassing up to the dust pipe 32 with which the lower leg of the fnnnet 33communicates. The sand is then lifted by the scoops 35 and discharged tothe hopper 36 from which it is led to the blast nozzle 19 in the usualmanner'. To secure these results the head is divided by a peripheralpartition 37 of sutlicient width to prevent the sand, discharged intothe head from the ribs 28, from passing to the opposite side of thepartition. The scoops 3 1 are of such angle that as the barrel rotate.the sand lifted thereby discharges to the tunnel hopper 33, the latterbeing on the opposite side of the vertical axis of the barrel from thehopper 86. The clean sand discharged through the lower leg of he hopper33 drops on the opposite or outer side of the partition 37 and is thereli'lted automatically by the scoops 35. The latter are so shaped thatthey carry their lead to a point above the hop per 36 before theydischarge. A convenient construction oil the scoops to this end is shownin Fig. 3, in which the scoops are provided with a supporting ledge 38at their inner ends.

As a matter of convenience, the stationary plate 23 for each of theheads 20 may be swung upon supporting bracket 41 pivoted at 42 to one oithe uprights of the :l'raine 11. A section 10 of the exhaust pipe 32 isrigid with the plate 28 and swings open with the latter, making a lapjoint 43 with the main exhaust pipe when the end closure shut. Alatching bar 39 is carried by the plate and provided with a locking boltl-l which is screwed down in a socket 15 carried by a frame element atthe front of the machine, when the end plate 23 closed.

The operation of the barrel is readily understood. After the barrel hasbeen brought to a position in which the charging door 16 is readilyaccessible, the door is removed by loosening its bolts and the castingsto be cleaned are introduced within the screen barrel 15. The door isthen closed and fastened and the apparatus set in motion. As the ljlllflll sand. or grit misses through the screen 1!) and tells upon theshell. 14, it is delivered by the ribs 28 to the lower portions of thelmad 20 at each end. of: the barrel. In the construction shown in Fig. 1the scoops E31 lift the sand automatically and drop it into the hopper22 from which it discharges to the blast nozzle 19 in such quantity asmay be determined by the extent to which the valve 24: is opened by thehandle 25.

In the modified. construction of Pi 3 to 5 inclusive the sand is firstlifted by the scoops 34 and discharged to the tunnel hopper 33 throughthe lower leg of which passes the counter-blast exhaust into the dustpipe The clean sand drops to the scoops and lifted by them to the hopper36 whence it discharges to the nozzles 19 in a manner similar to thatjust (,lCSCIllJOClTl OT the construction shown in 1 and 2.

Should it be necessary to obtain access to the nozzle or other mechanismwithin the head 20, it is possible to do so by loosening the lockingbolt 4 1 and swinging open the end plate Ho. The extentto which thelatter may be opened is oil course limited by the length of the flexibleblast connection 27.

Various modifications of construction which embody my invention willreadily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, withoutdeparting from what I claim as my in vention.

I claim 1. A sand blast machine comprising a retary drum, an innerscreen spaced therefrom and rotating therewith and having: an end platecent-rally apcrturcd tor the admis sion of a blast to the interior o lthe screen, a rotary head at the end of the drum, means arranged betweenthe screen and drum to dcl'lect to the rotary head the sand passingthrough the screen, and means carried. by said. rotary head. to lift thesand for return to the blast devices.

2. A sand blast machine comprising a rotumb barrel her an outer shelldan inner screen spaced therefrom, spiral and deflecting ribs fixed withrelation to for leading the blast sand to the end of the drum, blastmechanism GXl'Gl'lOL to the tuniot the drum for lifting the deflectedsand and delivering it to the blast mechanism.

3. A sand blast machine comprising a rotary tumbling barrel having anouter shell and an inner screen spaced therefrom, a blast nozzle ar2111;; d at the end and outside of the screen and directing its blastinwardly and downwardly into the screen, and means at fixed to androtating with the barrel to automatically gather and return to the blastmechanism the sand discharged into the screen.

A sand blast mechanism comprising a rotary sand blast barrel having ashell, and neared within the same a s 'ecn container for "ings or thelike. a rotary head at the end oi the barre scoop on the interior ofsaid head. deflecting means arran 'ed between the screen and shell fordeflect to the scoops in said head. the sand p: up; through the rotaryscreen, and a. blast device to which said scoops deh er the sand littedthereby.

5. A sand blast mechantin comprising a rotary sand blast barrel having ashell, and

d within the same a scrceneontainer tor the like, a rota head at the end7 barrel, scoops on the interior out said head, deflecting meansarranged between the screen and shell for dellecting to the scoops insaid head the sand passing; thromrh the rotary screen, and a blastdeviceto \i'hivh s d scoops deliver the sand. lifted thereby, together with astationary end plate for supporting a blast nozzle. l

(i. In a sand blast apparatus, a rotary tumbling barrel, a roiary headat the end lhereol, a blast nozzle discharging through arranged betweensaid screen and shell. 3

r ng body of the drum and means at the end i tlll lllll said head intothe barrel, means for leading to said head the blast sand dischargedinto the barrel, and scoops mounted on the inner periphery of said headfor lifting and returning the sand to the blast mechanism.

7. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary shelland a screen within the same, a blast nozzle at the end of the screen,and means attixed to and rotating with the shell for deflecting the sandpassing through the screen, to the end at which the blast nozzle isarranged.

8. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary shelland a screen within the same, blast nozzles at the 0pposite ends of thescreen, and means affixed to and rotating with the shell for deflectingthe sand passing through the screen, to the opposite ends thereof atwhich the blast nozzles are arranged.

9. In a sand blast apparatus, a rotary tumbling barrel having a headrotating therewith, means carried by said head for lifting the sanddelivered thereto, a sand hopper to which the lifted sand is eventuallydischarged, and a counter-blast device for free ing the sand ofentrained dust before it reaches the hopper.

10. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary head, asand blast nozzle arranged within said head, means carried by said headfor lifting and discharging sand delivered thereto, together with meanswithin the head for freeing the sand of entrained dust between itsdelivery to said head and its discharge by the latter;

11. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary head,an exhaust from the latter having a passage within said head, means forleading the blast sand from the body of the barrel to said head, andmeans within said head for lifting the sand and discharging the samethrough said exhaust passage counter to the draft therethrough to removeits entrained dust.

12. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary head,an exhaust from the latter having a passage within said head, means forleading the blast sand from the body of the barrel to said head, andmeans within said head for lifting the sand and discharging the samethrough said exhaust passage counter to the draft therethrough to removeits entrained dust, and a ho per to which the cleaned sand is deliveredby said head.

In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary head, aplurality of series of scoops mounted on the inner periphcry and adaptedto lift sand delivered thereto, the scoops of one series being adaptedto carry the sand beyond the peripheral point at which the other seriesdischarges.

14. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary head, aplurality of series of scoops mounted on its inner periphery and adaptedto lift sand delivered thereto, the scoops of one series being adaptedto carry the sand beyond :the peripheral point. at which the otherseries discharges, in combination with means within the head to receivethe sand from each series ofscoops.

15. In sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary sandrecovery head, comprising a plurality of series of lifting scoops, acounter-blast funnel hopper into which one series of scoops dischargesand a hopper to which the other series discharges.

16.In sand blast apparatus,a tumbling barrel having a rotary sandrecovery head, comprising a plurality of series of lifting scoops, acounter-blast funnelhopper into which one series of scoops dischargesand a feed hopper into which the other series discharges, the sandpassing through the mom tor-blast funnel hopper being deliveredto thescoops which deliver to the feed hopper.

17. In sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary sandrecovery head, comprising a plurality of series of lifting scoops, acounter-blast funnel hopper into which one series of scoops discharges,and a feed hopper into which the other series discharges, together witha means for delivering sand from the feed hopper to a blast nozzle.

18. In sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary sandrecovery head, comprising a plurality of series of lifting scoops, acounter-blast funnel hopper into which one series of scoops dischargesand a feed hopper into which the other series discharges, said hoppersbeing independent of each other.

19. A sand blast machine comprisin a rotary tumbling barrel having anouter s ell and an inner screen spaced therefrom, said shell and screenbeing rigid with relation to each other and rotating together, a blastmechanism arranged outside the screen but adapted to pla upon objectscarried bythe screen, in com ination with a plurality of spaced spiralribs arranged between shell and screen and rotating therewith forleading the blast sand by gravity to the end of the drum, and means atthe end of the drum for returning the deflected sand to the blastmechanism.

20. Sand blast apparatus, comprising a tumbling barrel, a sand blastmechanism for playing upon articles Within the barrel, an exhaust at oneend of the barrel, means for returning the used sand to the exhaust endof the barrel, and means for lifting and cascading the sand counter tothe current of exhaust air to remove entrained dust, together with meansfor lifting and returning the cleaned sand to the blast mechanism.

21. A sand blast machine, comprising a rotary drum, mechanism fordirecting a sand blast from the end of the drumupon contained articleswithin the latter, means rotating with the drum for deflecting the spentsand to one end of the drum, and means arranged on and rotating withsaid end of the drum torliltingthe deflected sand, and for deliveringthe same for reuse.

22. A sand blast machine, comprising a ro tary drum, mechanism fordirecting a sand blast from the end of the drum upon con tained articleswithin the latter, means r0 tating with the drum for deflecting thespent sand to one end of the drum, and means arranged on and rotatingwith said end of the drum for lifting the deflected sand, and fordelivering the same for reuse, together with means for cleaning saidsand before its delivery for re-use.

23. A sand blast machine con'iprising a hollow rotary member, sandblasting means for sand blasting articles in said rotary mci'nber, anouter shell or casing receiving sand from said hollow rotary member;means carried by said rotary member for lifting the sand after use insaid rotary member to redeiiver itto the sand blasting means saidlifting means being on the sides of said rotary member and devicesbetween the rotary member and the outer shell or casing for shifting thesand laterally to direct it i nto'said lilting devices.

24. A sand blast machine comprising a hollow rotary member, sandblasting means for sand blasting articles in said rotary member, anouter shell or casing surrounding the hollow rotary member; meanscarried by said r0- tary member for lifting the sand for use in therotary member to redeliver it to the sand blasting means, said liftingmeans being on the sides of said rotary member and devices for shiftingthe sand laterally to direct it into said lifting devices, said sandshifting means comprising vanes carried by the periphery of the rotarymember and arranged at an inclination.

In a sand blast apparatus, a rotary member having a sand collectingchamber, sand blast devices at the ends ol. said member sand carryingcompartments externally of the rotary member carried thereby and incommunication with said collecting chamber, stationary sand containersto receive sand from said compartments, and deflectors in saidcollectinpchamber for discharging sand therefrom into said sand carryingcompartments when the rotary member is rotated.

26. The combination of a hollow rotary member for use in sand treatingarticles, said member being provided with apertures through which usedsand may pass, a shell or casing outside of said rotary member, saidshell or casing being arranged to receive sand through the apertures ofsaid rotary member and having a substantially imperlorate constructionso as to hold and retain all of the sand received, sand shitting meanslocated in the chamber formed by the shell or casing and arranged toshiiit sand laterally and sand elevating means rotating with said rotarymembe and ca ing and adapted to rcceivb sand from said chamber andelevate and return it for re-use.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

CLARENCE E. BILLINGS.

